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WAREHOUSE FURNISHING v. FARMERS FURNITURE

10/10/1997

Warehouse Home Furnishing Distributors, Inc., d/b/a Farmers Furniture ("Farmers Furniture") is a Georgia corporation that sells furniture, jewelry, and appliances. It operates 10 stores in Alabama, all of which provide financing if the customer requests it.


According to Farmers Furniture, until May 1986, its practice was to file a UCC-1 financing statement in order to protect its security interest in items that it financed for customers. Beginning in May 1986, Farmers Furniture began charging its customers a premium for what it called "nonfiling insurance," rather than filing a UCC-1 statement. When financing an item for a customer, Farmers Furniture also charged the customer for property insurance, unemployment insurance, accident and health insurance, and credit life insurance. The insurance premiums were included in the amount financed. Farmers Furniture then paid the premiums to its insurance company and was entitled to make certain claims on the insurance if a customer defaulted on the loan.


Jackie Whitson, Aubrey Strickland, Robin Gamble, and Rena Yates, seeking to act as representatives of a class made up of Farmers Furniture customers who had paid certain insurance premiums when they financed goods, sued Farmers Furniture. They alleged that Farmers Furniture had charged premiums for nonfiling insurance, property insurance, credit life insurance, accident and health insurance, and unemployment insurance in violation of the Alabama Consumer Credit Act, § 5-19-1 et seq., known as the "Mini-Code." They also alleged that Farmers Furniture had committed fraud in charging these premiums.


The trial court certified a class, defined as:


"All persons who have obtained a consumer loan from . . . Farmers Furniture, in the State of Alabama in conjunction with the purchase of items at one of the defendant's Alabama stores since May 1, 1986, and have been charged for nonfiling insurance, credit life insurance, accident and heath insurance, or unemployment insurance."


The certification excluded from the class the following persons:


"Any person who has previously settled his or her claims against any of the defendants herein and has entered into a legally binding settlement agreement or release, or has obtained a judgment against said Defendants, on any claims arising from the person being charged for nonfiling insurance, credit life insurance, property insurance, accident and health insurance, or unemployment insurance or any person who is deceased at the time of the certification of the class described above."


The plaintiffs moved for a partial summary judgment holding that it was a violation of the Mini-Code for Farmers Furniture to charge a nonfiling insurance premium for customers who purchased and financed goods having a purchase price of $2,000 or less and whose financing contract had a scheduled payment on or after April 25, 1993. The trial court entered a partial summary judgment declaring that violation; voided the contracts in which the violation had occurred; and assessed damages for the violations. It made the partial summary judgment final pursuant to Rule 54(b), Ala.R.Civ.P. Farmers Furniture appealed the certification of the class and the partial summary judgment.


We note that the plaintiffs' claims regarding fraud and the other insurance premiums charged to customers seeking financing are still pending in the trial court and that our review is limited to whether the court properly certified the class and whether the partial summary judgment was proper.


First, we will address the class certification. Rule 23, Ala.R.Civ.P., states certain prerequisites to be met in order for one to proceed

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