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State v. Greenleaf4/15/1999
ur times, killing him. Greenleaf testified that he took no part in removing Antonich from the car and was still in the vehicle when Martin pulled the trigger. While the other three men placed Antonich's body in the trunk of his parents' car, Greenleaf and DeVerney wiped Antonich's parents' car inside and out to remove fingerprints. John Steven Martin then drove Antonich's parents' car into a drainage ditch, got back in the car he had been driving and drove all five men back to Duluth. The following morning, all five men got together, drove to the Blatnik Bridge and threw the gun into Lake Superior.
Later that afternoon, a logger discovered Antonich's parents' car in the ditch and alerted authorities. Police officers had the vehicle towed from the ditch and discovered Antonich's body in the trunk. St. Louis County medical examiner, Dr. Donald Kundel, performed an autopsy and concluded that Antonich's death was caused by two gunshot wounds, one to the heart and one to the right forehead. Antonich suffered two other gunshot wounds, one to the neck and one to the chin. Dr. Kundel also testified that Antonich had suffered a severe beating evidenced by blunt trauma to his ear, eyes, head, face, jaw, nose, forehead, neck, shoulders, and chest. Dr. Kundel estimated that Antonich had suffered between 50 and 100 blows with either fists or feet, and that some of the blows, most notably to the head and ears, broke the skin. Investigators also found large amounts of blood in Antonich's parents' vehicle. Some of the blood found on the driver's door and seat was determined to be Greenleaf's blood. Greenleaf's blood was also found on a cloth in the trunk of the car John Steven Martin had driven.
Earlier on the morning after the murder, Mike Martin had talked to a friend, Lawrence Murray, about someone having been killed the night before with a gun. When Murray saw news reports about Antonich's death, he called authorities. The following day, August 30, 1996, police officers arrested Mike Martin and he admitted his involvement in Antonich's murder. Nearly nine months later, on May 8, 1997, Mike Martin reached a plea agreement with the state whereby he would plead guilty to aiding and abetting intentional second-degree murder in exchange for his truthful testimony at the trials of the other four accomplices. The plea agreement provided that, in exchange for his truthful testimony, Martin would receive a sentence ranging from 163 to 244.5 months. The plea agreement had the effect of reducing Martin's presumptive sentence by 25 to 50 percent.
The day after the killing, Greenleaf left Duluth to attend a weekend pow wow on the Red Lake Reservation. Just two days later, on August 31, 1996, reservation authorities arrested Greenleaf for an alcohol violation. Carlton County authorities had informed the law enforcement agencies in the area that Greenleaf was wanted in connection with a murder investigation in Carlton County. Pursuant to that notice, Carlton County authorities were notified that Greenleaf had been arrested and two officers immediately drove to the Red Lake police station to interview him. At about 2 a.m. on September 1, 1996, approximately five hours after he was arrested, the Carlton County officers gave Greenleaf a Miranda warning and began interrogating him. Greenleaf initially denied having had any part in, or any information regarding, Antonich's murder. Greenleaf then asked to speak to an attorney and the interrogation stopped.
A short time later, a Red Lake officer, following tribal practices, asked Greenleaf whether he was willing to waive extradition. Greenleaf indicated that he would be willing to do so. The Red Lake officer, while preparing the waiver of extradition for
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